Gender Stereotypes in Early Years

Gender Stereo personas in betimes YearsThe purpose of this seek project is to investigate whether sex activity stereo fonts living in todays society affects childrens choices in play. The research volition focus in the briny on children around the ages of 2 3 old age as this is when sex identity and the adopting of sexual activity specific behaviour begins to show (Hughes, 2010). For m each a(prenominal) years society has been full of sexuality stereotypes and children defend regularly learnt to adopt to gender specific roles as a result of this (REF). The research bequeath to a fault explore whether bringing children up in their set genders exit build any onuss on their later discipline.Aims and objectivesThe aim of this research is to study whether gender stereotyping has an effect on the choices children make in their play, particularly looking for at toy plectrum and aras the children gather in, in an earlier years circumstance. A discussion of how gen der identity is formed and as to how gender roles atomic number 18 learnt and adopted by children allow for be a main focus in this study. The research go out overly explore how children cosmos steered towards playing and behaving gender specific quarter hinder their increment and what practitioners can do to avoid this.RationalePast research that I begin done has widened my understandings of how many children in settings adopt gender specific behaviour, for subject non to cry if youre a boy and to be innocent and fairly if youre a lady friend. After doing placement in an early years setting and experiencing children playing in traditional dashs for case boys with cars and girls steered towards playing with dolls and back up, I am extremely interested in finding appear why children play in this way and as to what kind of an effect playing to a specific gender can let on childrens later/ boilers suit development. Although many of us deliberate in gravid children as many opportunities and policy is in place to make received this happens we still subconscious mindly treat boys and girls differently (REF). Therefore gender stereotyping appears to cook many barriers to children receiving all the opportunities to play equal and personally I believe that this will discombobulate signifi monger effects on their later biography choices.enquiry QuestionsI will centre my research around these quaternion main research beasHow do children develop gender role behaviour?What is the policy context around equality for girls and boys?Does gender stereotyping hinder childrens overall development?How can practitioners support inclusive practice for both(prenominal) sexes in the early years setting?2. Literature Review 1,500There has been huge research carried out on gender stereotyping in children and many ideas occupy been formed as to how children develop gender specific roles. However before we begin looking into this composition it is fundamental that we define what is meant by gender.How do children develop a gender role behaviourThere argon many ways in which it is said children learn and adopt gender specific roles such(prenominal) as, p artns, peers, media, literature and practitioner interaction.. on that point is much discussion on whether it is nature or nurture side. According to Yellend (1998), gender development is a systematic process beginning at birth and often reshaped thoughtout life depending on the sex of the child.There argon many studies which fork out been carried out with the social learning perspective in mind which purport that p atomic number 18nts convey to sex-typed behaviours in children and are a great influence to determine their childs sex role development (Golombok, 2004). This is done through the different types of toys they corrupt and the way in which they respond to their children for example a positive rejoinder would be given to a girl playing with domestic type toys and likewise a boy playing with cars (Bee, Boyd, 2010).Socialisation Parents are aboriginal to gender roles as imitation is a vital part of offspring childrens lives and they learn many things through imitation especially around the ages of 2 3 years( REF) it has been said that children learn their gender roles by coping their very(prenominal) sex parent e.g. girl watching her mum do the readying will then maybe assume that that is a role to be carried out by the female. Family are key when it comes to toy selection as they are generally the first people who buy for their children/grandsonsadults selection of toys for their children/grandson are likely to be gender specific as society is so full of stereotypes we automatically separate boys and girls toys as it has become a subconscious motive?Many magazines will have toys under toys for girls and toys for boys having product such as dolls for girls and trucks, cars..for boysPeers can then continue the already existent believes children h ave close what should be played with if a girl or boy.fundamental interaction with practitioners also contributes, use words such as pretty, boys discouraged from clamant (touch gender).What is the policy context around equality for girls and boys?The equality act 2012EYFS/electronic countermeasures will have wrote something on opportunismEach setting will incorporate many policies within their settingThe Early Years hindquarters Stage, unique child states that children inclusive practice.Does gender stereotyping hinder childrens overall development?Does gender stereotyping have an effect on childrens pedantic achievents and later travel choices?It is likely that traditional gender roles (stereotypes) will continue to limit both boys and girls academic opportunities little girls discouraged from leaderships tasks, and maths steered towards nurturing rolespersistent adult beliefs about typical behaviour for boys or girls affect childrens experiences (Lindon, 2012, pg. 7).The wa ys in which children careers choices are relayed to children can be subtle but consistent, sending a put one across message about the academic domains in which girls and boys are supposed to excel, for example giels are steered away from maths.Can be shown through the later academic achievements of children eg, girls do better in english?How can practitioners support inclusive practice for both sexes in the early years settingIt is measurable that children receive as many opportunites as possible in the early yearsHard cause we are so used to it we do it subconsciouslyFollow policyGender neutral environment dispute stereotypical thoughts within your setting. If a boy tells a girl she cant be a doctor, ask him why, and show him pictures of female doctors. If a girl tells a boy he cant be a ballet dancer have resources to hand that show a different droolRole play is a great way to show gender equalityShowing pictures of women firefighters, women builders etc.3. Methodology3.1 Samp leThe sample type I have chosen is a convenience sample, which refers to the collection of discipline from members of the population who are conveniently available to provide it (Sekaran Bougie, 2010, pg.276). Therefore I have chosen to interview practitioners in early years settings in the Northumberland area, I have chosen this area as firstly I know the area which means I will save on time as I wont have to find my way around a new place and secondly I have visited these settings before meaning they are easy accessible.3.2 Research manner InterviewsI have chosen to use face to face interviews for my research. Interviews are a method whereby one person asks questions of an individual with the expectation of getting answers to a particular question (Mukherji Albon, 2010). Interviews are the best suited method for my research collectible to the in depth collection of selective information, allowing for exploration of let go ofs (OLeary, 2010). I will be carrying out a semi coordinate interviews meaning I will be able to explore around the topic and not just collect responses to set questions. Interviews are a research method that provides us with qualitative data (REF). I have chosen a method that collects qualitative data rather than quantitative as the topic I have chosen to research requires in depth understandings and practitioners opinions and not just simple yes and no responses.3.2(iii) Semi- incorporated approachThere are many types of interviews even so I have chosen to use semi structured interviews, often called a conversation with a purpose (REF). Semi structured interviews are where the interviewer has a checklist of topics and questions to explore however the way in which these are explored will vary dependant on the flow of conversation with separately individual (Holmes, 2005). By using this type of interview I will be able to explore around the topic as there will be area for on the spot questions.The role of the interviewer is aut horised to know to conduct an efficacious piece of research. The interviewer will probe the interviewee however will know when they need to be quiet (REF). The interviewer knows the areas he or she wants to cover with the interviewee, but allows the interviewee the options to take different paths and explore different thoughts and feelings. only interviews will be recorded and transcribed verbatim and this will contribute to the reliability of the research (Royse, 2008). After having transcribing the data I will snap the data through content or discourse.3.2(i) Advantages of methodInterviews are an polished qualitative research method meaning they allow for in depth rich data to be collected about key themes (REF). oneness to one interviews allow for a rapport to be developed among the interviewer and the interviewee (Matthews Ross, 2010). This could potentially lead to more information world expressed as the participant is likely to feel comfortable and therefore this gives reliable/valid data.Face to face interviews have traditionally been seen as the most effective method in regards to the response rate (Vaus, 2002 ) The response rate is everlastingly achieved as interviews are scheduled meaning answers are gurantueedAnother payoff of using interviews is the way in which the interviewer is able to observe the interviewees facial expressions and organic structure language which in turn will give the interviewer a clearer reading of the interviewees true feelings. This will add to the validity of the research.3.2(ii) Disadvantages of methodAlthough there are many advantages of using the research method interviews there are also many disadvantages. Firstly interviews are time consuming, scheduling the interview, conducting the interview, and transcribing recordings takes up a lot of time (May, 2011). Secondly the interviewers presence can have a great deal of an effect on the participant, factors such as heart of voice, the way a question may be rep hrased, voicing an opinion, wretched note taking, even the gender and appearance of the interviewer may lead to errors and prepossess (Fontana Frey, 2000).Thirdly achieving reliability is challenging because each interview is unique in some way (Conway,Jako Goodman, 1995). This can be because there are differences between the way each interview is conducted, difference in the way questions are asked due to there not being standardised responses, and the data collected.Fontana, A. Frey, J. H. (2000) The interview from structured questions to negotiated text iin N.K. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Reasearch. 2nd ed. capital of the United Kingdom SAGEConway, J. M., Jako, R. A., Goodman, D. (1995). A meta- analysis of interrater and internal consistency reliability of selection interviews. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 565-579.4 Ethical considerationsBefore carrying out any research it is crucial that ethical considerations are taken into account (May, 2011). apprised consent is essential, and should ensure that the participants are fully inform prior to conflict and are aware that their involvement is completely voluntary (McLaughlin, 2007). Therefore in advance to carrying out the research it is vital that I receive informed consent from all participants, this will be achieved by obtaining a sign consent form from each participant (See Appendix). It is fundamental that participants know who is doing the research, the aims and objectives, what is being asked of them, how the data will be used and what steps will be taken to ensure confidentiality (Walliman, 2011). Another ethical consideration to consider is confidentiality, indeed meaning we are obliged to protect the participants identity (Silverman, 2011). Information will be treated with respect and the participants would remain anonymous both of which are extremely important to the ethics base (Hobart, Frankel, 2004, GSCC, 2002) Therefore all participants label will be changed so as to protect them participants will be informed of this.All participants have the right to withdraw themselves and their results fromthe research.Interviews will be recorded so that they can be transcribed, this means the data will be kept for some time (Matthews Ross, 2010) therefore it is important that this data is klept in a secure place. (data protection)Beneficence is another ethical issue that will be key in this study. Beneficence relates to theNon maleficence, the principle of not doing harmmust be applied to all participantsAlthough my research would have benefited from me carrying out observations of children in their early years environment unfortunately due to the University ethics statement I am prohibited from doing this and therefore ineffective to observe children in their environment as part of my research.Research Methods for headache A Skill Building ApproachUma Sekaran, Roger Bougie5, illustratedJohn Wiley Sons, 2010Surveys in Social ResearchSoc ial Research Today SeriesResearch methods/SociologyDavid A. De Vaus5, illustrated, reprintRoutledge, 2002